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Coirpre mac Néill
Coirpre mac Néill (''fl''. ''c''. 485–493), also Cairbre or Cairpre, was said to be a son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. Coirpre was perhaps the leader of the conquests that established the southern Uí Néill in the midlands of Ireland. The record of the Irish annals suggests that Coirpre's successes were reattributed to Muirchertach Macc Ercae. Coirpre is portrayed as an enemy of Saint Patrick in Bishop Tirechán's hagiography and his descendants are said to have been cursed by Patrick so that none would be High King of Ireland. Coirpre is excluded from most lists of High Kings, but included in the earliest.
In later times Coirpre's descendants, the Cenél Coirpri, ruled over three small kingdoms—Cairbre Drom Cliabh in north Co. Sligo, an area in modern County Longford and at the headwaters of the River Boyne—which may be the remains of a once much larger kingdom stretching 100 miles (160 kilometres) from Donegal Bay to the Boyne.
==Sons of Conn, grandsons of Niall==
The Uí Néill—the grandsons, or descendants, of Niall of the Nine Hostages—dominated the northern half of Ireland from the 7th century, and perhaps earlier. The various Uí Néill kingdoms, their allies, client kingdoms and subject tribes, comprised most of the province of Ulster, all of Connacht, and a large part of Leinster. Elaborate genealogies showed the descent of the various Uí Néill, while allies and favoured clients descended from Niall's brothers or other kinsmen. Along with the dominant southern kindred, the Eóganachta of Munster, all these were members of the Connachta, the descendants of Conn of the Hundred Battles.〔Byrne, ''Irish Kings'', vrs; Charles-Edwards, ''Early Christian Ireland'', vrs; Ó Cróinín, ''Early Medieval Ireland'', p. 60; MacKillop, ''Dictionary of Celtic Mythology'', "Conn" & "Connacht".〕 However, since Uí Néill means grandsons of Niall, the Uí Néill cannot have existed before the time of Niall's grandsons, towards the middle of the 6th century.〔Charles-Edwards, ''Early Christian Ireland'', pp. 441–443.〕
Medieval genealogists provided Niall with a large number of sons, some of very doubtful historicity. Maine, ancestor of the Cenél Maini is generally presumed to be a late addition.〔Byrne, ''Irish Kings'', pp. 85 & 92–93; Charles-Edwards, ''Early Christian Ireland'', pp. 96 & 548; Ó Cróinín, ''Early Medieval Ireland'', p. 61.〕 The dates claimed for Lóegaire mac Néill, "great pagan Emperor of the Irish" and adversary of Saint Patrick in Muirchiu and Tirechán's 7th century lives, may make him an unlikely son of Niall.〔Charles-Edwards, ''Early Christian Ireland'', p. 459.〕 Diarmait mac Cerbaill, apical ancestor of the Síl nÁedo Sláine and Clann Cholmáin, the leading southern branches of the Uí Néill, is presented in the genealogies as the grandson of Niall's son Conall Cremthainne, but this is doubtful.〔Byrne, ''Irish Kings'', p. 90; De Paor, ''Ireland and Early Europe'', p. 74.〕 As for Coirpre, he is called a son of Niall in one of the earliest surviving sources, Tirechán's life of Saint Patrick.〔De Paor, ''Saint Patrick's World'', p. 156.De Paor, ''Saint Patrick's World'', p. 156.〕
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